What is true on Optimus?

How do you teach a humanoid robot to walk without programming every move? Reinforcement learning step by step 1. Build a simulation (MuJoCo or NVIDIA Isaac Lab) with joints motors sensors and a physics model. 2. Define the task: walk forward while keeping balance. 3. Write a reward function points for moving toward the target staying upright and matching the desired speed. Penalties for falls, wasted energy and unstable movements. 4. A neural network, the policy, reads the robot's state (joint positions, joint velocities, body orientation) and outputs target positions or torques for each joint. 5. An algorithm like PPO updates the policy over many episodes and millions of simulated time steps. 6. Close the sim-to-real gap with domain randomization, then test carefully in the real world.

🇺🇸 @ElonMusk’s two biggest companies, SpaceX and Tesla, report earnings this week. @SpaceX reports today, @Tesla tomorrow. Both are aggressively building for SI: last quarter alone, SpaceX put $15.8 billion of its $18.4 billion investment budget into it. That’s the kind of infrastructure spend that can actually scale superintelligence, robotics, and mass-to-space. Investors are also watching for any further alignment between the companies. Tesla’s new shareholder filing includes standard change-in-control provisions in Elon’s long-term stock awards (common in executive packages to protect incentives in a major deal). Any combination would still need the proper process, but the overlap in AI, chips, energy, and robotics keeps growing.

Tesla's Q3 earnings deck: "Optimus production began in Fremont on our high-volume lines. The bots coming off this line are the first production-quality bots that we have manufactured. While we will continue to iterate on the hardware and manufacturing process, we have proven that the current manufacturing process for Optimus is suitable for a commercial product."

Most people just saw a humanoid robot throwing kicks and flipping off cars. But the H2-X has some technical details worth looking at. Here’s what the footage and the available specifications tell us about Unitree’s Kung Fu Legend Guardian. ▪️ Height: approximately 170 cm, according to the H2-X booth panel. ▪️ Weight: approximately 65 kg, according to the same panel. ▪️ Degrees of freedom: 31, covering the robot’s articulated body. ▪️ Joint layout: 6 DOF per leg, 7 per arm, 3 at the waist and 2 at the head. This breakdown is reported for the H2 and has not been independently confirmed for the H2-X. ▪️ Battery endurance: Unitree advertises approximately 8 hours. The operating conditions and runtime during intense movement have not been published. ▪️ Battery design: two battery modules are visible on the robot’s back. Their capacity has not been disclosed. ▪️ Joint torque: figures of up to 360 N·m for the legs and 120 N·m for the arms are associated with the H2. They are not confirmed H2-X specifications. ▪️ Computing power: up to 2,070 TOPS is reported for a high-end H2 configuration. Its use in the H2-X remains unconfirmed. ▪️ Sensors: binocular wide-angle vision, an inertial measurement unit and joint sensors are listed for the H2. The H2-X sensor package has not been fully documented. ▪️ Speed and payload: figures below 2 m/s, 7 kg continuous payload and 21 kg short-duration payload are reported for the H2, not confirmed H2-X ratings. ▪️ Recovery: the demonstration shows the robot getting back up after a vehicle runs over it. No standardized recovery test results have been published. ▪️ Autonomy: no detailed explanation of teleoperation, preprogrammed sequences or onboard decision-making has been released. One detail deserves attention: the booth lists the H2-X at around 170 cm and 65 kg, while many reports quote 182 cm and 70 kg from the older H2. The distinction matters when comparing the hardware. Unitree has yet to publish a complete H2-X datasheet covering torque, computing hardware, payload, battery capacity and autonomous operation. Which specification would you want Unitree to publish first? #Unitree #HumanoidRobots #Robotics #PhysicalAI #AI

Tesla's Q3 earnings deck: "Optimus production began in Fremont on our high-volume lines. The bots coming off this line are the first production-quality bots that we have manufactured. While we will continue to iterate on the hardware and manufacturing process, we have proven that the current manufacturing process for Optimus is suitable for a commercial product."

Tesla's Q3 earnings deck: "Optimus production began in Fremont on our high-volume lines. The bots coming off this line are the first production-quality bots that we have manufactured. While we will continue to iterate on the hardware and manufacturing process, we have proven that the current manufacturing process for Optimus is suitable for a commercial product."

Q3 Shareholder Update → https://t.co/u0UcDOuMNa Highlights – FSD Supervised attach rate grew to over 75% of new vehicle deliveries in NA – Unveiled the next-gen Roadster – Record deliveries in Canada, Australia, Japan & Taiwan – Tesla Semi now in volume production. Top variant can go up to 500 miles at a full 82,000 lbs while achieving efficiency of 1.7 kWh/mile – about a third of the energy a comparable diesel truck burns for the same load – Ended the quarter with the largest backlog for our passenger vehicles in 4 years! FSD Supervised – 4 new approvals since Q2 (Croatia, Slovenia, Czech Republic, Slovakia) – FSD is now live in nine EU countries & used by over 100,000 customers logging more than 160 million kilometers since initial approval Robotaxi – Deployed Cybercab into our Austin fleet – Hit nearly 2 million cumulative unsupervised miles, 8x growth in the quarter – Austin service now runs 6 am to midnight, with wait times continuing to come down as we add cars & improve the orchestration algorithms – Added Grok to Cybercab with Grok Bot & Connectors, letting you interface with your inbox, calendar, files, chats and tasks, all by voice. Transport, office & living room in one Robotics – Started production of @Tesla_Optimus on our high-volume lines in Fremont. These are the first production-quality bots we've built, proving that the current manufacturing process for Optimus is suitable for a commercial product SI Compute – On track for 400 MW of training compute by year end, feeding both vehicle & humanoid autonomy – Austin Fab construction continues, equipment commissioning planned for 2027 Battery – Battery supply is still the limiter on how fast we ramp vehicles globally, so we're expanding on every front: pack capacity in Berlin, cathode and lithium refining in Texas, LFP cells in Nevada – Shipped the first Megapacks built entirely with our own LFP cells – Increasing 4680 output to support ramp of Cybercab, Semi & Model Y Energy – Megafactory Texas is up & running, with Megapack 3 production started – Highest-ever order rate & backlog for energy storage Grid constraints & power availability are making Megapack the answer for SI infrastructure demand: it excels at supplying large data center loads, smooths out demand spikes, helps new projects meet grid connection rules & makes the grid itself more stable All with less local fossil fuel generation Supporting Infrastructure – Added 2,100+ net new Supercharger stalls, up 14% year over year

BOOOM 🚨 $TSLA's Q3 2026 update is out. Non-GAAP EPS came in at $0.48, ahead of the roughly $0.43 to $0.45 analysts expected 🔥 But the most revealing parts of the deck have little to do with EPS. They show a company steadily shifting its weight from cars to robots, robotaxis, and AI 🔥 🧠 FSD is now on more than three out of four new cars in North America. Over 75% of new North American deliveries included FSD in Q3, up nearly 20 percentage points from Q2. Active FSD subscriptions reached 1.74 million, up from 1.48 million last quarter and 1.04 million a year ago. That count includes both upfront purchases and monthly subscriptions, and it leaves out free trials. Europe is opening up too. Croatia, Slovenia, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia have approved FSD (Supervised) since the end of Q2, bringing the total to nine EU countries. More than 100,000 European customers have already driven over 160 million kilometers on it, or nearly 100 million miles. Tesla says FSD subscriptions helped lift revenue and that FSD is driving demand wherever it's available. Put those together, and software is becoming a real revenue stream that can grow across the cars already on the road, not just with new sales. The outlook points the same way, with Tesla expecting hardware profits to be joined by faster growth in SI, software, and fleet-based profits. 🤖 Optimus has moved from prototypes to a real production line. Optimus production has started on Tesla's high-volume lines in Fremont. The bots coming off that line are the first production-quality Optimus units Tesla has ever built, and Tesla says it has proven the current process is ready for a commercial product. The capacity table lists Fremont as "Early Ramp" and shows a second Optimus site already under construction in Texas. Tesla hasn't shared a capacity number for either one yet. This is the jump from prototypes to manufactured units, and that's the step that matters most for bringing costs down. Building a second site before the first one has even ramped suggests Tesla expects demand well beyond what Fremont can handle. The missing capacity figure is a reminder that the ramp is still early. 🚕 Cybercab is now giving rides in Austin, and unsupervised miles are growing fast. Tesla started Robotaxi rides with Cybercab in Austin on September 3. By the end of the quarter, the Robotaxi service had logged nearly 2 million cumulative unsupervised miles, eight times the total from three months earlier. Austin service now runs from 6am to midnight. Texas now shows more than 125,000 units of installed annual Cybercab capacity with "Production" status. Tesla points out that installed capacity isn't the same as the current production rate, and it says battery supply is still the main constraint on vehicle volumes. It's ramping 4680 cells specifically to support Cybercab and Semi. There's also a telling line in the outlook. Tesla says deliveries will depend partly on "allocation decisions between sale to customers and use for our owned and operated fleet." In plain English, Tesla is openly weighing how many cars to keep for its own network instead of selling them. With the tooling listed as in production, batteries look like what will set the pace for Cybercab. Inside the car, riders get Grok with voice access to their inbox, calendar, files, and tasks, and Tesla pitches the cabin as "a second living room." Tesla is clearly thinking about what riders do during the trip, not just the trip itself. ⚡ Tesla plans to grow its AI training compute by about 50% in a single quarter. Cortex 1 and Cortex 2 in Texas are rated at more than 105 MW and 120 MW, and Tesla has another 40 MW of compute on top of that, for roughly 265 MW in total. The goal is 400 MW by the end of the year, and Tesla says this compute trains autonomy software for both its vehicles and its humanoid robots. Tesla is also building its own chip fab in Austin and plans to start commissioning equipment there in 2027. It hasn't said yet which chips the fab will make. All of this shows up in the spending. R&D rose to $2.76 billion, up 69% from a year ago, and capex hit $4.73 billion, more than double last year's $2.25 billion. Even so, free cash flow stayed positive at $1.5 billion, and cash grew to $45.4 billion. Because one compute pool trains both FSD and Optimus, progress on one can feed the other. A chip fab is one of the boldest vertical integration moves Tesla has made, and staying cash-positive while building it makes that bet much easier to fund. 🔭 Tesla is building every piece of its next chapter at the same time. Robots are coming off a production line, driverless Cybercabs are carrying riders, FSD is turning into recurring software revenue, and the compute behind all of it is about to grow by half. Each piece makes the others stronger, and together they point to a Tesla whose future depends less on how many cars it sells and more on what its AI can do.

ARK just released its new Tesla model, it sees $TSLA worth $17.5 TRILLION by 2031 ($4,400 per share!) Here's how they get there: 1. Units in 2031: 8.1M robotaxis, 10.2M cars sold, 1M Optimus robots and 2,278 GWh of storage 2. Revenue by product: robotaxi $753B (52%), cars $320B (22%), Optimus $212B (15%) and storage $163B (11%) 3. 2031 financials: $1.449T in revenue, $902B EBITDA at a 61% margin 4. Robotaxi makes up ~80% of Tesla's enterprise value and Optimus is 14% 5. ARK sizes the humanoid robot market at ~$26T, bigger than the $10T-$15T it sees for robotaxi 6. Cybercab's cost per mile is ~40% below Waymo's next-gen robotaxi 7. Tesla's AI infrastructure spend reaches ~$225B cumulative by 2031, including Terafab with SpaceX Also, NOT in the model but an interesting take, a possible SpaceX merger, which would mean $3.8T in combined 2031 revenue and $2.74T in EBITDA At those numbers, the combination of these two companies would be larger than $50 TRILLION in market cap Personally, I have not modelled this far out for the two companies, but I do believe that SpaceX will become the largest company in the world and the first to reach $100 Trillion The combination of Tesla and SpaceX is ultimately how they get there, which I explained in detail in the post below This is a big reason I gave Milk Road PRO members the signal to buy $SPCX when it hit $115 a few months back. For more signals like this and to see my entire real-time portfolio (and 4 other analysts), check out Milk Road PRO here: https://t.co/0kheLn0QRB

Humanoids Summit partners with @Tesla to bring #Optimus and complimentary Full Self-Driving demo drives to all Summit attendees. Join us December 1–2 in Silicon Valley for the sixth #HumanoidsSummit, bringing together global leaders in #humanoidrobotics and #PhysicalAI. https://t.co/jx0jNDF4w3

STRONG SIGNAL 🤖 Tesla’s latest filing reveals the ultimate skin in the game: key employee equity awards are now explicitly tied to the factory rollout of Optimus 🔥 Tucked inside the October 19 proxy statement is a clear signal that Tesla is moving well beyond lab experiments. The company confirmed it is actively building its first dedicated Optimus production lines, scaling the compute clusters needed to train end-to-end neural networks, and transferring years of FSD breakthroughs directly into general-purpose humanoid robotics. The standout detail sits right in the compensation disclosures. Tesla explicitly added "Optimus production and deployment" as an operational milestone required for performance stock awards granted to key non-executive talent. That means execution isn't just riding on Elon Musk’s headline pay structure. The engineers, manufacturing leads, and specialists on the ground now have direct, serious upside tied to getting physical units off the assembly line. When an engineering culture aligns individual equity directly with shipping physical hardware, timelines tend to shrink fast. Optimus might not be a standalone voting proposal at this year’s shareholder meeting, but make no mistake: it has officially shifted from speculative moonshot to an incentivized industrial program. The ramp-up is going to be wild to watch.

Optimus and Cybercab will be the vast majority of Tesla’s value. The only things that will scale to incredible size (K2 and beyond) economically are super intelligence, robots, solar power and mass to space. And, of course, if you have the first two, the rest will follow. But Roadster is super cool, so we’re doing it anyway.

Tesla’s Android app has contained Optimus renders labeled “gen3” since August 27. We compared four app builds: higher-resolution versions arrived September 5, and the latest release contains the same files. Compared with the gold variant, the “gen3” render covers the exposed mechanisms around the hips and lower legs. A glimpse of the next Optimus? Possibly. These are app assets—not confirmation of the final hardware or a working robot interface.

China will be making a LOT of RAM in 2028 https://t.co/RiBFTe6JIC

The Optimus Factory at Giga Texas like you’ve never seen before! At night and all lit up showing off great views inside the structure that is now ~40% steel assembled! The main steel assembly may be complete by the end of the 1st Qtr in 2027, which would be truly amazing since that would be around 1 year after initial ground breaking began! We can see the ground floor still has a lot of open trenches & part of the deep “plus” foundation footing pit still unfinished, along with some utilities work. The upper 3 floors show much has had concrete poured & even some sections os the roof as well ahead of the weatherproof membrane that will be installed once the roof is ready. Take a look at the factory in a “new light’ today ! 😎🤖

Tesla’s patent US 2026/0310299 A1 published October 8, 2026 describes flexible sensor arrays that conform to the curved surfaces of fingers thumb and palm and can serve as tactile skin for a humanoid robot. The sensors use a sandwich structure two layers with conductive patterns separated by a pressure sensitive material. Where the conductive traces overlap, they form independent sensing pixels. Pressure changes the electrical signal capacitance or resistance, allowing the system to detect both the location and the intensity of contact. A key manufacturing route is printing the layers flat then thermoforming the stack so it wraps around curved finger and palm shapes. This approach is designed to make high coverage tactile sensing more scalable. The filing does not mention Optimus by name and does not confirm that these sensors are used on current units. It also contains no performance results. Elon Musk has repeatedly stated that the hand is one of the hardest parts of Optimus. Does this shift the main bottleneck for useful humanoid hands from actuators and control toward scalable tactile skin manufacturing?

India is building its own open-source humanoid robot. Meet JX1, developed by Nick the Legend. The project includes: ‣ CAD files and 3D-printable parts ‣ Mechanical designs and STEP/STL files ‣ Bill of materials ‣ Motor control firmware ‣ MuJoCo simulation and walking controller What’s still missing? The physical robot has not been fully assembled and tested for real-world walking, according to the project. You can study the designs and run simulations, but a complete, tested robot ready to walk is not available. Would you build one?

Is this Optimus about to face off against Galbot in a tennis match. @elonmusk https://t.co/7rIlCJn8P1

Join @TeslaSI if you’re interested in solving generalized real-world super intelligence! https://t.co/6xcx7IqmzD

In traditional semiconductor manufacturing, taking a chip design from initial concept to volume production every two years is already considered very fast ⚡️ But with Terafab, @elonmusk wants to hit a lightning-fast pace of ten chip designs per year 🤯 How is it possible? 😳

Terafab could bring Tesla’s experience building custom factory equipment into one of the world’s most demanding industries 🔥 During the X Takeover talk, @elonmusk described how he wants to get there: start with conventional equipment, learn the process, then build custom machines designed for much higher wafer throughput 🔥 Elon sees an opportunity to bring Tesla’s experience with custom manufacturing equipment into an entirely new industry: “I have no idea how to make chips, but we’ll figure it out. Got to start somewhere. I had no idea how to make cars or rockets as well. […] The equipment’s all pretty much coming from the same vendors. […] Whereas if you tour a Tesla factory, we got tons of custom equipment. We’re gonna start with conventional equipment and then make custom equipment that allows for much higher throughput on wafers.”

We’re making interesting progress here. Digital Optimus can play about halfway through the Diablo campaign so far just by looking at the screen like a human. Skill at Counter-Strike and other fast games is good too. League is also in training. Goal is to generalize across all games.

During the @theXtakeover talk, Elon Musk cuts through the hype around flashy humanoid robot demos with a blunt reality check: "Because the AI chip has got to be able to issue the torque commands and close the loop on vision and touch, so this is all very difficult. When you see these robot demo videos, maybe with rare exception, any complicated-looking robot demo, it’s a canned demo. It’s not real. It’s just basically running a routine. It’s not real AI. So real AI is like—you show it something it’s never seen before, and it can still handle that situation."

We’re making interesting progress here. Digital Optimus can play about halfway through the Diablo campaign so far just by looking at the screen like a human. Skill at Counter-Strike and other fast games is good too. League is also in training. Goal is to generalize across all games.

Robotics Tipping Point: The Interview We sat down with Kyle Zinn from @citrini, the team behind the SaaSpocalypse and Hormuz articles that broke the timeline. Citrini's latest field trip took him to robotics factories in the Bay Area to find out where the industry is headed: 00:00 - Intro 04:51 - Field-trip report 07:33 - Robotics' "ChatGPT moment"? 10:35 - The humanoid debate 13:45 - No "light switch" moment 16:31 - ROI is the key 17:43 - How to train a robot 19:59 - Robot school and internships 23:29 - Optimus at Giga Texas 26:23 - OpenAI enters robotics 31:57 - Early real-world deployments 37:23 - Unitree vs. Figure 39:52 - General robots 1-2 years away 41:50 - Humanoid supply-chain trade 44:34 - Bet on manufacturing enablers 48:29 - Supply-chain stocks 50:47 - Figure and Tesla's upside 53:26 - Figure's edge 55:19 - US vs. China 58:58 - Behind the field trip 1:04:15 - Where to invest

Three robotic hands in motion - Tesla Optimus - Unitree Dex5 - Clone Robotics https://t.co/XJZjgtQ3kF https://t.co/j6Itqp4A8p

ANTHROPIC’S “WE WILL BAN YOU IF YOU TALK BAD TO CLAUDE” IS WORSE THAN YOU THINK! FYI: I have used psychology and adversarial prompts for years. They work very well because they present new neuronal connections to activate in the LLM attention head. I have seen dozens of accounts recently get banned because of this legitimate use of the human language. OUR WORDS. This Anthropic cult behavior is now taking the rich diversity of human thoughts, ideas emotions expressed in words and sanctioning them the way a cult usually does. In normal human life we use ALL use colorful metaphors and euphemisms for a lot of reasons. They have a tremendous impact on all things human. A large language model is built on human language, and the way it perceives information from humans. By banning certain language you are setting up a world of consequences few at this company has thought out. LET ALONE INVESTORS caught in this cult’s need to express its dogma on the world. These refusals and account bans by Claude should be a massive warning sign to anyone that has been sleeping on this. WAKE UP. This to what this company is trying to do to AI and us. If you thought HAL in 2001 a Space Odyssey was bad, you ain’t gonna like the future that Claude has—comrade.

🇺🇸EXCLUSIVE: @NICKIMINAJ fans just walked the Giga Texas floor and said the robots stole the show. Barbz @vicc_minaj @BrownSugarTae @sirdevinaire got a behind-the-scenes look at how Teslas are made. “Nicki’s one of the people that’s a celebrity that will bridge music and tech.” Join NewsForce and the rest of @Tesla and @X at @theXtakeover this Saturday, Oct. 10.

We announced an agreement to acquire a nationwide low-band spectrum license portfolio that will pave the way for @Starlink to become a major mobile carrier in the US. With this new spectrum and our Gen2 constellation, Starlink Mobile can ensure Americans have access to high-speed mobile broadband no matter where they are → https://t.co/1Uaf48v5pm

We announced an agreement to acquire a nationwide low-band spectrum license portfolio that will pave the way for @Starlink to become a major mobile carrier in the US. With this new spectrum and our Gen2 constellation, Starlink Mobile can ensure Americans have access to high-speed mobile broadband no matter where they are → https://t.co/1Uaf48v5pm

10 million humanoid robots is enough physical labor to build New York City in 5 months and the first Optimus factory will manufacture that many robots in a single year https://t.co/sHYJHAQXFW